Q.1 What is meant by sustainable development ? When did this
concept become popular ?
Ans. The concept of sustainable development means
development that meets the needs of the present but doesn't affect the ability
of future generations to meet their needs. It became popular in 1987.
Q.2. What are the principal biological systems of the earth?
How are they useful to us ?
Ans. The principal biological systems of the earth are -
fisheries, forests, grasslands and croplands. They supply food for us. They
provide all the raw material for industry except minerals and petroleum
products.
Q.3. The writer says, "What goes under the pot now
costs more than what goes inside it." What is meant by this?
Ans. In poor countries, people cut down forests to have
firewood for cooking. As a result of this there is a shortage of firewood. It
has become so expensive than the thing in the pot over it. That is why the
writer says that 'what goes under the pot costs more than what goes inside it'.
Q.4. Why have several species of wild life become extinct ?
Ans. Forests are being destroyed by people to meet their
various needs. This destruction of forests has harmed our wild life. As a
result several species of wild life have almost become extinct.
Q.5. What is the result of the increased demand on the
principal biological systems?
Ans. The result of the increased demand on the principal
biological systems is our fisheries and forests are fast disappearing.
Grasslands are changing into barren wastelands. Croplands have deteriorated.
Q. 6. Why is development called the best contraceptive?
Ans. As a result of development incomes rise, education
spreads, and health improve. It means more enlightened population which
understands the value of small family. Thus development is the best
contraceptive.
Q. 7. Do you think element of coercion is essential for
family planning?
Ans. No, I don’t think that the elemet of coercion is
essential for family planning. Human beings should not be treated like cattle
and compulsorily sterlized. Instead people should be encouraged to adopt family
planning voluntarily.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
Q. What does the notice "The world's most dangerous
animal" at a cage in the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia, signify ?
Ans. There is a cage in the zoo at Lusaka, Zambia. The cage
has no animal. There is only a mirror where one can see oneself. It makes one
realise that the world's most dangerous animal is none but man himself. And
this indeed is very true. Man has done such big harm to this planet as no other
animal could. He has destroyed forests, fisheries, grasslands and croplands. He
has made many species almost extinct. He hunts and kills more van he needs.
Thus the mirror in the cage helps to make man aware of the great damage he has
done. It helps to make him aware of his responsibilities to this planet and the
future generations. He must stop what he has been doing so far. He must change
himself from the most dangerous animal to the most responsible being of this
planet.
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